Monday, March 27, 2006

More Intellectual Property Issues

More Intellectual Property Issues

Last week I reported that the Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation was under fire for stem cell patents that were “too broad.” Today, a San Francisco Business Times article reprinted on MSNBC reports that the WARF plans to treat the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine (if it ever gets off the ground) as a commercial entity when it decides upon licensing fees. This could mean that the CIRM will be paying a lot of money to WARF instead of returning it to the state. It’s all pretty unclear what will happen, since the potential profit sharing, licensing fees, royalties, and so on for the CIRM itself are still undetermined. But I expect that California legislators won’t want to see their constituents’ tax money winding up in Wisconsin, so things could get ugly.

Thinking November

Thinking November

There’s a fairly extensive article in today’s Chicago Tribune about how stem cells will play into the November elections across the country. The article discusses several specific elections in New Jersey, Colorado, and Illinois, and talks about the Democratic strategy to use the issue as an example of progress compared to the status quo. Republicans say that the House races will not be decided on this single issue.

One of the issues is that stem cell research is not divided neatly along party lines. Some Catholic Democrats oppose embryonic stem cell research, and a number of Republicans favor it. The Republican party is more divided, however, since many Republicans support embryonic stem cell research but don’t want to alienate their religious conservative base.

One of the other issues on the table is what will happen if the U.S. Senate passes a bill lifting the restrictions on embryonic stem cell research, which may happen before the fall elections. President Bush has already said he would veto such a bill.

More Germ Cell News

More Germ Cell News

The big news of the weekend continued to be the German researcher team’s ability to differentiate many kinds of cells from the cells that produce sperm in mice. A press release in Genetic Engineering News today describes a similar development by a California biotech firm, PrimeGen. Because it is a press release it is somewhat short on the scientific details, but it says that the researchers are further along than the Germans. Data is to be presented this week at a conference. Another paper has been submitted for peer review to an unspecified publication.

The California researchers extracted germ cells—those which create sperm--from the testes of human males (not mice!) and have used a “proprietary process” to reprogram the germ cells to differentiate. They have so far differentiated them into heart, brain, bone and cartilage cells. The press release says that the new cell “retains the most conserved, highest-quality DNA generated by an organism. It suffers no damage from aging, chronic disease or injury. It is also shielded from free radical, ribosomal and mitochondrial damage -- all inherent limitations of adult stem cells, until now.” The company is also trying to create a female model.

The company is in talks to sell its cell to researchers outside the US for treatment of people with cardiac conditions.

The press release included a statement from the executive vice-president of research saying that the company was pleased to see its work confirmed by the German scientists. They must feel a little bit like their thunder was stolen. Doing this in people is even more significant than doing it in mice!

I do want to know more of the science—one of the things I hate about press releases is how all the interesting details are cloaked under the language of “proprietary”—but it sounds pretty significant anyway. Therapeutic efficacy is still unestablished, of course.

Kansas Issues

Kansas Issues

An AP article in yesterday’s Wichita Eagle summarized some of the events related to stem cell research and cloning in Kansas. It also focused on chimeras, or animal-human hybrids. A state senator, Tim Heulskamp, last week tried to amend a budget proposal to ban embryonic stem cell research. His proposal failed, while the next day in the Kansas House Rep. Mary Pilcher Cook won approval of her proposal to support umbilical cord and adult stem cell research. But she was unable to make it illegal to create human-animal hybrids. The article then went on to describe the cloning debate and some of the chimeras that have already been created, such as pigs with human blood or mice with human brain cells. The article concludes that the debate on stem cell research and cloning is likely to become perennial.