Saturday, April 22, 2006

Miscellaneous Research News

Miscellaneous Research News

Sorry to lump all these together, but the source articles are so short that they really don’t merit a separate blog post.

UPI ran a very short article on a Harvard study in which researchers have identified a molecular imprint linked to the DNA in embryonic stem cells. This should allow a deeper understanding of what makes normal cells different from stem cells.

Cytori Therapeutics, a biotech company specializing in stem cells derived from fat, issued a press release announcing that pigs who received an injection of stem cells following a heart attack had no increased risk of irregular heartbeat, and that the pigs who received the cells actually had more stable heartbeats than the control group.

Finally, researchers at the American Academy of Neurology 58th Annual Meeting have identified a cell survival factor called MEF2 that transforms stem cells into neurons. Other researchers have also identified a substance derived from seaweed that improved regrowth of both existing neurons and implanted cells. All this according to a very short press release from the AAN.

Finding Polycomb

Finding Polycomb

I reported earlier this week on a study that discovered that the Polycomb protein repressed certain genes that gave cells a specfic cellular identity, thus leaving embryonic stem cells pluripotent. A press release from MIT about using microarrays to map the genes gives a little more information on the importance of Polycomb.

Connecticut Funding to be Disbursed

Connecticut Funding to be Disbursed

The Connecticut legislature last night passed “emergency” legislation exempting the state Stem Cell Research Advisory Committee from conflict on interest rules and explaining its membership from nine to seventeen, according to the Hartford Courant. The Advisory Committee was caught in a bind which required its members to be stem cell experts but did not allow them serve on committees which made decisions that affected their institutions. Since most of the experts were members of institutions seeking money, they were not able to participate. The new legislation allows them to be on the committee; presumably they are still not allowed to participate in decisions regarding their individual institutions.

I’m glad that this got worked out. It’s an inherent issue in stem cell money, that the people who can evaluate the merits of a proposal are the very people who are doing the work in the field. It’s not as though you can just go pluck a stem cell scientist off the street and ask them what they think of this grant request. It could obviously still get yucky, with people dissing the proposals of competing institutions, which is why there needs to be a large number of people evaluating the proposals, so that one voice doesn’t hold sway. Someone who is really good at rhetoric can influence discussion, of course, but that is the way people communicate and can’t be prevented. It appears as though the Connecticut schools are trying to be collaborative, which is crucial; it’s not a perfect system, but it looks like a workable one for now.

Judge Issues Ruling in California in Favor of CIRM

Judge Issues Ruling in California in Favor of CIRM

Sorry I didn’t get to blog yesterday, I was on full-time mom duty for the last day of spring break. My son has just learned to ride a 2 wheel bike, so there was a lot of showing me things outside. I’m pretty proud….

Anyway, while my little domestic life was going its merry way, the judge in the California lawsuits against the CIRM issued her ruling. According to the San Francisco Chronicle, Judge Bonnie Lewman Sabraw ruled that,
the structure of the California Institute for Regenerative Medicine did not
violate state law. Although the governing body of the agency includes
representatives of research centers that are likely to apply for the stem cell
grants, Sabraw said, the plaintiffs presented no evidence that the institute
serves the private interests of those universities and research organizations.
It serves the public purpose endorsed by the voters -- fighting disease and
stimulating the state's biotech economy, the judge held.


An attorney for one of the plaintiffs, the Family Bioethics Counsel, said an appeal is likely.

The money cannot begin to be disbursed directly yet, and an appeal will further delay it, but it will probably be easier for the CIRM to borrow money now through the form of bond-anticipation notes than it has been.

An AP story in the Washington Post (and other papers) reports that the ruling will become final in 10 days “unless the losing attorneys present new and dramatically different arguments.” The AP story called the ruling “unambiguous.” Which is of course not what the plaintiffs think; one attorney said it had “curiosities.” I don’t know what the legal definition of a curiosity is! The appeal may go straight to the state Supreme Court.

The Los Angeles Times quoted a plaintiff’s attorney for the Life Legal Defense Fund as being disappointed but not surprised by the ruling. It also quoted Stanford bioethicist Hank Greely as also unsurprised: “I thought the cases were very weak to begin with. I think the judge's opinion bears that out.” According to the LA Time, Sabraw’s decision “systematically” rejected all claims made by the plaintiffs.

This is obviously really really important news. I hope that the appeal does go straight to the Supreme Court, as that will speed things up. Certainly it is important to have oversight and to avoid conflicts of interest, especially where so much money is concerned, but it’s also important to the very core of our judicial system that sound law not be overturned on the basis on an ideological dispute. I should say here that I agree with Martin Luther King Jr. that it is a moral imperative to disobey immoral laws, and clearly some opponents of embryonic stem cell research will think that is what this is. However, the law was not challenged on the basis of it providing for embryonic stem cell research—it was challenged on the basis of constitutionality related to structure and tax payer money. A challenge to the ethics or morals of the law itself needs to be mounted directly and not concealed behind some other issue.

And I grant that there may not be a judicial process in place for challenging a law on the basis of thinking it immoral. That is done on a grassroots level and on the level of social discourse and open debates of conscience. That doesn’t appear to be happening in California on this issue, at least not right now.

The ruling is not posted on the Court’s website yet.